Urticaria, **”commonly known as hives,”** is a common skin condition that affects about one in five people during their lifetime. It causes itchy, raised patches on the skin called weals, which may appear as small bumps, rings, or larger areas that join together. These welts can develop anywhere on the body, often after scratching, and although they can be very uncomfortable, they usually disappear within 24 hours.

The condition develops when mast cells release histamine and other chemicals into the bloodstream. This causes fluid to leak from small blood vessels, leading to swelling, redness, and intense itching. Many people with hives also experience **”angio-oedema,”** a deeper swelling beneath the skin. It commonly affects the lips, eyelids, or inside the mouth and is usually more painful than itchy.

If **”angio-oedema occurs without hives,”** it may be a sign of hereditary angio-oedema, which is a different condition. Unlike ordinary hives, it is not caused by histamine and requires different testing and treatment.

Doctors classify urticaria based on how long it lasts and what triggers it. Acute urticaria lasts for up to six weeks and often has an identifiable cause. Chronic urticaria continues for longer than six weeks and usually has no clear trigger. Some people also develop physical urticaria, which is brought on by factors such as scratching, pressure, cold weather, sunlight, or increased body temperature. Other common triggers include allergies, infections, stress, and certain medications.

Most cases improve on their own without medical treatment. However, people with ongoing or severe symptoms may need antihistamines, steroid tablets, or soothing creams to relieve discomfort. Although hives are usually temporary, recognizing the symptoms and possible triggers can help people manage the condition more effectively, especially those with allergies or other underlying health conditions.